Exploring 3 Main Components Of An Optical Encoder

The 3 main components of a classic optical encoder include a light source, a photodetector, and a code wheel/disc. What is the function of these components?

In this blog, Walker Machinery, a reputed distributor of CNC controls, rotary encoders, and DRO units in Milton, Ontario, explores these components and their functions in detail.

What Are The Major Components Of An Optical Encoder?

Light Source

The light source is the first vital part of an optical encoder. It is typically an LED or a similar device, and is responsible for emitting a constant stream of light. The light generated from this source is aimed towards the code wheel or disc part of the encoder. Overall, it is necessary to ensure precise signal detection in an optical encoder.

Code Wheel/Disc

The code wheel or disc is a small, rotating device that has both transparent and opaque elements/markings. When the light from the source passes through the code wheel, it enables the encoder to detect the direction of motion and the speed. 

Photodetector

The photodetector is the final piece of the optical encoder. This equipment is a sensor that takes the signal from the code wheel, which is a form of interrupted light, and turns it into electrical signals. Essentially, the light and dark bands created by the code wheel are converted into electrical and eventually motion data by photodetectors.

Finally, the electrical signals sent out by the photodetector are used by circuits to accurately determine rotation count, speed and direction of a particular movement. Finally, this data is sent to a controller, which is further used in subsequent measurements and calibration of a tool to achieve accuracy and precision.

Conclusion

To conclude, a light source, code wheel and a photodetector, connected to a controller, ensure precise position and speed monitoring.

To learn more about digital encoders, contact us at Walker Machinery today. As one of the leading distributors of digital encoders, linear encoders, rotary encoders and more, we also offer high-quality CNC control systems. With decades of experience in this field, we proudly serve a wide variety of industries and esteemed clients. For more information, contact us at 905-876-0890 today.

FAQs:

What are some alternatives to optical encoders?

Magnetic encoders, capacitive encoders, and resolvers can be used as alternatives to optical encoders.

When is it ideal to use optical encoders?

Optical encoders are an ideal choice in cases where extreme accuracy is required in a sterile environment.